35 10 1271 https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperiia/original/da163e4dca5bdfa0f567b4580a086760.png d9db6b14aa3ee7eb66e4a2d0c4454bea Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Settlements Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context settlements Description An account of the resource <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/exhibits/show/2_profile" target="_self">[Back to The Spatial Profile]</a> Atlas Element Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Farmsteads (khutors) Description An account of the resource While most peasants lived in villages, a peasant holding a farmstead (хутор, khutor) lived - together with his family - on the land. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/items/show/321" target="_self">Geographical Atlas of the Russian Empire</a>, 1820-1827 [Piadyshev Atlas] Subject The topic of the resource rural spaces https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperiia/original/340d7846b22d3d61d66efd49cee96f52.png 7615ab140ac738f3e20b996c93956bee Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Settlements Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context settlements Description An account of the resource <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/exhibits/show/2_profile" target="_self">[Back to The Spatial Profile]</a> Atlas Element Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Protestant parishes Subject The topic of the resource rural spaces administrative space Description An account of the resource On the Piadyshev atlas, the kirchspiel (кирхшпил) denotes the presence of a Protestant parish. This layer doubles as a rough approximation of Protestant churches. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/items/show/321" target="_self">Geographical Atlas of the Russian Empire</a>, 1820-1827 [Piadyshev Atlas] https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperiia/original/bfa2edf6f7d541209787d59acf5c8b5a.png 0ab209a0a6e906c59270162b63f0c843 https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperiia/original/a9c07df20c5c8fe39520193ef22417be.png eaed9213211d4309f8e6e4bab54cb5d6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Settlements Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context settlements Description An account of the resource <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/exhibits/show/2_profile" target="_self">[Back to The Spatial Profile]</a> Atlas Element Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Towns (non-administrative) Description An account of the resource Russian law differentiated between towns that were, and towns that were not, seats of administrative power. In each district (uezd) there could be only one "district town" (uezdnyj gorod); other populated places that enjoyed the privileges of urban status were called zashtatnye goroda (заштатные города) or pripisnye gorod (приписные города). The Piadyshev atlas uses the same symbol to describe both zashtatnye and pripisnye towns. Pripisnye goroda, or registered towns, are the predominant form. The following provinces contain zashtatnye, rather than pripisnye, goroda:  <ul> <li>Kurliand (where they are called "ordinary" (обыкновенные) towns</li> <li>Lifliand (where they are designated "small" (малые) towns</li> <li>Estliand (where they are designated "small" (малые) towns</li> <li>Kharkov</li> <li>Ekaterinoslav</li> <li>Tavrida</li> <li>Kursk</li> <li>Orlov</li> <li>Kostroma</li> <li>Caucasus</li> <li>Orenburg</li> <li>Tomsk</li> <li>Enisejsk</li> <li>Irkutsk</li> <li>Kamchatka (where they are designated "non-uezd towns")</li> </ul> In Arkhangel'sk, Tobol'sk, and Iakutsk the legend includes a combined category (приписный или заштатный). Subject The topic of the resource urban spaces Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/items/show/321" target="_self">Geographical Atlas of the Russian Empire</a>, 1820-1827 [Piadyshev Atlas] https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperiia/original/85b7a262770ce7f0be744f7177bbaa03.png 9b69fd66c303d724ad5547213caa01ea Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Settlements Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context settlements Description An account of the resource <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/exhibits/show/2_profile" target="_self">[Back to The Spatial Profile]</a> Atlas Element Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Minor towns Description An account of the resource The "minor town" (mestechko/местечко) was distinct from other rural and urban settlement types. According to most sources, the mestechko had four distinguishing features:  <ol> <li>In ethnic terms, the inhabitants of a mestechko were generally Jewish.</li> <li>In social terms, the inhabitants of a mestechko were traders and/or craftsmen.</li> <li>In geographic terms, mestechka were located in the western provinces - those incorporated into the empire through the Partitions of Poland - and in the Caucasus.</li> <li>In administrative terms, in order for a settlement to be considered a mestechko, there must be an official meshchanstvo administration (мещанское управление) present. </li> </ol>That is, anyway, how the minor town is described in authoritative late nineteenth-century sources, such as the Brokgaus Efron Encyclopedia. At the time of the compilation of the Piadyshev atlas, it was a slightly more fungible category. Moreover, Piadyshev and company decided to use the same symbol to designate the presence of a mestechko, posad, or ostrog: <ul> <li>Mestechko and posad: Pskov, Arkhangel'sk, Novgorod, Tver, Kostroma, Vladimir, Saratov, Vologda</li> <li>Mestechko and stanitsa: Voronezh</li> <li>Mestechko and ostrog: Tomsk, Enisejsk, Irkutsk, Iakutsk, Okhotsk</li> <li>Kamchatka: ostrog</li> </ul> As a result, the minor town has a broad distribution across the atlas, with 1,066 locations spread over 40 provinces, from the Polish provinces all the way to Kamchatka.  Subject The topic of the resource urban spaces Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/items/show/321" target="_self">Geographical Atlas of the Russian Empire</a>, 1820-1827 [Piadyshev Atlas] https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperiia/original/1bb96f12e596f5b1da6c8da5d5c06865.png 37c79f253ebb60ea18810395e31bbd1c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Settlements Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context settlements Description An account of the resource <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/exhibits/show/2_profile" target="_self">[Back to The Spatial Profile]</a> Atlas Element Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fortified and unfortified towns Description An account of the resource In the former kingdom of Georgia, annexed by Russia in 1801, we find towns distinguished by size and marked as fortified or unfortified. Subject The topic of the resource urban spaces Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/items/show/321" target="_self">Geographical Atlas of the Russian Empire</a>, 1820-1827 [Piadyshev Atlas] https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperiia/original/b9e9990a932d7dc824db6bd08562e123.png c0af68281c32c297617aa8b79fd7334c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Settlements Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context settlements Description An account of the resource <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/exhibits/show/2_profile" target="_self">[Back to The Spatial Profile]</a> Atlas Element Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Villages (derevni) Description An account of the resource Villages came in several varieties, the derevnia and the selo being by far the most numerous. This layer describes derevni (деревня > деревни), which correspond, more or less, to the English term "hamlet": a small, unincorporated, rural settlement. While a selo was generally the site of an Orthodox church and a seat of peasant administration, a derevnia lacked those features. This layer contains 4,455 villages, spread from islands off the Finnish coast to the mouth of the Lena River in northern Siberia. This is a crucial point, in fact: in comparison with sela, the distribution of derevni was less dense but more widespread. Subject The topic of the resource rural spaces Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/items/show/321" target="_self">Geographical Atlas of the Russian Empire</a>, 1820-1827 [Piadyshev Atlas] https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperiia/original/7469ad152c5d77589b6fb1da019c14cb.png 78ebc1a328db5d8d978690b5cbbee72a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Settlements Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context settlements Description An account of the resource <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/exhibits/show/2_profile" target="_self">[Back to The Spatial Profile]</a> Atlas Element Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Villages (sela) Description An account of the resource Villages came in several varieties, the derevnia and the selo being by far the most numerous. This layer describes the geography of the selo (село > села), the quintessential Russian village. A selo was generally a large rural settlement, the site of an Orthodox church, and a seat of peasant administration. Digging Deeper Several atlas sheets conflate sela with four other settlement types. That practice has been preserved in the Imperiia Project, for lack of any way to disambiguate the various types: <ol> <li>большой двор (large homestead): Kurliand</li> <li>кирка малая (small parish): Grand Duchy of Finland</li> <li>погость (pogost'): Pskov, Novgorod, Tver, Moscow, Smolensk, Chernigov, Tula, Olonets, Vologda, Arkhangel'sk</li> <li>словода (sloboda): Poltava, Kharkov, Ekaterinoslav, Kursk, Kaluga, Iaroslav, Vladimir, Tambov, Voronezh, Viatka, Nizhnii Novgorod, Penza, Kazan, Simbirsk, Saratov, Don Cossack lands, Astrakhan, Kafkaz, Perm, Orenburg, Tobolsk, Tomsk, Enisejsk, Omsk, Irkutsk, Kamchatka, Iakutsk</li> </ol>The sloboda was a settlement or group of settlements that had, originally, been exempt from the taxes and obligations imposed on most of the populace for a specified period of years. In return, inhabitants of the sloboda performed other tasks: garrison duty, household work, trade, crafts, etc. In areas of Siberia and in the Ukrainian lands the sloboda was used as a mechanism for attracting settlers and increasing agricultural activity. The pogost' was a feature of the northern reaches of Russia: a settlement complete with church, marketplace, and surrounding rural administrative district. Subject The topic of the resource rural spaces Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/items/show/321" target="_self">Geographical Atlas of the Russian Empire</a>, 1820-1827 [Piadyshev Atlas] Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Military Sites Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context military-sites Description An account of the resource <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/exhibits/show/2_profile" target="_self">[Back to The Spatial Profile]</a> Atlas Element Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fortified lines Description An account of the resource Two fortified lines appear on the Piadyshev atlas: (part of) the Ukrainian line, and the Caucasian line. <iframe width="600" height="400" src="https://worldmap.harvard.edu/maps/russianempire/T4A/embed"></iframe> Subject The topic of the resource military space Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/items/show/321" target="_self">Geographical Atlas of the Russian Empire</a>, 1820-1827 [Piadyshev Atlas] https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperiia/original/1787d8bcf24be9a4dcf95845db4eefc5.png b85e1c5b1e1f0d5f570a49eb4c8c6b62 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Military Sites Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context military-sites Description An account of the resource <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/exhibits/show/2_profile" target="_self">[Back to The Spatial Profile]</a> Atlas Element Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Redoubts & minor fortifications Subject The topic of the resource military space Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/items/show/321" target="_self">Geographical Atlas of the Russian Empire</a>, 1820-1827 [Piadyshev Atlas] https://s3.amazonaws.com/atg-prod-oaas-files/imperiia/original/ea5e3f2e43a721c9153fa4d36216c250.png e893e476e8b2b4bce60cb30d51d596ee Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Military Sites Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context military-sites Description An account of the resource <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/exhibits/show/2_profile" target="_self">[Back to The Spatial Profile]</a> Atlas Element Link to Data <a href="https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/3BO3GH" target="_blank">Dataverse shapefile</a> Data Link <a href="https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/3BO3GH" target="_blank">shapefile</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Foreposts Subject The topic of the resource military space Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/imperiia/items/show/321" target="_self">Geographical Atlas of the Russian Empire</a>, 1820-1827 [Piadyshev Atlas]